Fingerprint detection using AFIS and NFIQ with the help of blood flow and hand vein signal

In biometrics, a human being needs to be identified based on some characteristic physiological parameters. A wide variety of systems require reliable personal recognition schemes to either confirm or determine the identity of an individual requesting their services. The purpose of such schemes is to ensure that the rendered services are accessed only by a legitimate user, and not anyone else. By using biometrics it is possible to confirm or establish an individual’s identity. When finger pressed against a flat plate & deformed blood inside finger moves away from deformed area. This cause finger to change its appearance from reddish to white. As finger leaves the plate, blood come back & its looks reddish again. To use this color change to distinguish genuine fingers from artificial ones for un-attended fingerprint identification system. This blood related signal may reflect the stiffness the peripheral blood vessels & it may be correlated with some health conditions such as blood pressure. Use fingerprint sensor base on scattered light detection. Because of spectra of light scattered by deformed fingers show large changes mostly in green portion, an LED emitting peak strength use. First compare series of fingerprint images acquired during a normal input action & those obtained blood flow. The occluded finger required large force to exhibit a similar change for pixel values. Problems of detecting blood vessels in retinal images. Blood vessels have poor local contrast & the application of existing edge detection algorithms yields results which are not satisfactory. Operator for feature extraction based on optical & spatial properties objects to be recognized. The gray-level profile of cross section of a blood vessel is approximately by a Gaussian shaped curve. The concept of matched filter detection of signals is used to detect piecewise linear segments of blood vessels in these images. The automatic detection of blood vessels in the retina could help. Index: ROI, FAR, FRR, HAND VEIN.